Account Codes: To help keep track of who is using a copier, users must punch in an individual or department code before making copies.

All-In-Ones: Devices, also known as multifunctional devices (MFDs) that perform more than one function in a single unit, such as copying, faxing, scanning, and printing.

Automatic Document Feeder (ADF): Allows you to copy documents without lifting the platen. Instead of placing each sheet individually on the glass, you simply load a stack of originals into the feeder, press start, and let the copier move each sheet on and off the platen. A feeder typically holds anywhere from one to 20 sheets at a time.

Bypass Tray: The short, straight-paper path of a bypass tray reduces the risk of jamming and allows you to copy directly onto originals - such as colored paper, odd-sized paper, or card stock - that either can't be fed or are inconvenient to feed from the traditional copy paper tray inside a copier. Bypass trays can typically hold anywhere from one to 100 sheets. They are often used in color copiers for printing onto covers or transparencies. (Bypass trays that can hold more than one sheet are known as stackable bypass trays.)

Card Stock: A kind of paper that is heavier than standard paper stock and cover stock.

Catch Tray: Collects finished copies emerging from a copier.

Coated Stock: A kind of stock paper with a glossy finish.

Color Server: Used to attach a color copier to a computer network, a color server converts color files into printing instructions for the copier. Also known as a raster image processor (RIP) or a print controller.

Consumables: The toner, paper, fuser oil, developer, or any other materials or parts that must be periodically replaced in a copier.

Control Panel: Holds the buttons to control copier functions. The newest copiers have a control panel in the form of an easy-to-follow LCD presentation, which guides you as you select variables such as copy quantity, paper size, reduction, or enlargement.

Convenience Copying: Using a fax machine's scanning function to make a quick copy, as if you were sending a fax to yourself.

Copier Counter: Keeps track of how many copies a machine has made. When the counter is not readily visible, it can usually be found somewhere beneath the platen glass of the copier.

Copies Per Minute (CPM): The number of 8 1/2 x 11 inch pages a copier can output per minute. Most color copiers list four CPM speeds: black and white, one color, two-color, and four-color. Four-color speeds are the slowest, typically ranging from 3 to 10 CPM except on high-end machines (which can run as fast as 40 CPM).

Cost of Ownership: Costs, in addition to price, that determine the true cost of owning a copier. These include consumables such as paper and toner, as well as service contracts.

Cover Stock: A kind of paper that is heavier than standard paper stock.

Coverage: The percentage of a page's surface that would be covered if you squashed every bit of its ink in one place. If you squeeze together all the black in a regular black and white copy of a double-spaced letter, for example, its coverage will be 6 percent. Color copying typically has higher coverage than standard letters - somewhere between 25 percent to 35 percent.

Digital Copying: A copying technology that breaks an image up into tiny rows and columns as a scanner does. In contrast, analog copiers work more as a camera, using a lens to take a picture of the document to be copied. All color copiers currently on the market are digital.

Duplex Copying: The ability to automatically copy on both sides of a page. This can be a useful feature, but it tends to be prone to paper jams. If you want duplex copying, equip the copier with a document feeder called a recirculating automatic document feeder (RADF), which can handle two-sided originals.

Edge Erase: Removes the edges of images being copied.

Editing Features: Allow a user to adjust how an image appears after copying. Many color copiers have extensive editing features, enabling a user to move the image, change colors, or adjust colors to match the original.

Electronic Re-circulating Document Handler (ERDH): A digital copier that can perform the following functions: copy two-sided originals, handle originals only once when making sets of copies, and electronically sort outputted copies. Also known as a duplex digital document scanner.

Electronic Sorting: Each collated set is output horizontally, then vertically. This allows users to collate sets of copies without buying sorter bins or being limited by their number.

First-Copy Speed: Shows how quickly a copier can print the first page of a document. First-copy speed is a good indicator of how fast the copier is for businesses using the machine on a walk-up basis, since most people copy only one or two sheets at a time.

Four-Color Printing: Uses cyan, magenta, yellow, and black to create all colors of the spectrum. Also known as CMYK printing. Virtually all color copiers use four-color printing.

Full Bleed: An image that runs right to the edge of a sheet. To create a full bleed, you typically must print on a larger sheet and trim the page to size.

Ledger-Sized Paper: Measures 11 x 17 inches.

Legal-Sized Paper: Measures 8 1/2 x 14 inches.

Letter-Sized Paper: Measures 8 1/2 x 11 inches.

Margin Shift: Allows an image to be moved so that new margins are defined.

Maximum Monthly Volume: The maximum number of pages a copier is designed to make each month. Manufacturers tend to grossly inflate the monthly volume figures, with few copiers ever hitting their monthly maximum in real usage.

Memory: A hardware component that stores data such as scanned pages. Digital copiers require memory to perform certain functions, such as scanning documents, utilizing scan once/print many, or faxing. Different functions require different amounts of memory.

Monochrome: Black and white.

Moving Platen: The lowest-end desktop copiers sometimes have moving platens, meaning the top of the copier moves back and forth across the document to be copied.

Multifunctional Device (MFD): Performs one other function in addition to faxing and convenience copying - often copying or scanning, or printing. Also known as an all-in-one.

Paper Supply: The sets of trays and holders that enable a copier to copy onto different sizes or types of paper.

PC Copier Segment: Includes copiers with speeds between one and 12 copies per minute and copy volumes of up to 1,000 copies per month.

Photo Mode: Uses higher resolutions to copy photographs.

Platen: The glass area on which you place original documents to be copied. Sometimes also used in reference to the cover that opens and shuts over the platen glass.

Print Audit: A survey and report generated by specialized equipment that enables recognition of printing usage patterns. Determining these patterns frequency leads to operational/equipment changes that enhance productivity.

Print Controller: Attaches a color copier to a computer network and converts color files into printing instructions for the copier. Also known as a raster image processor (RIP) or a color server.

Proportional Zoom: Shrinks or enlarges the length and width of a given page independently of each other. This helps reduce the white space that often surrounds copies of reduced pages. Also known as independent x and y axis zoom or anamorphic zoom.

Recirculating Automatic Document Feeder (RADF): An automatic document feeder that can flip the original document over to copy its backside. If you only have an automatic document feeder (ADF), you can copy a two-sided document, but the copies will be on two different sheets of paper.

Reduction/Enlargement: Many lower-end copiers have preset settings for reduction and enlargement of copies. Higher-end copiers allow you to zoom in as closely or as far out as you want.

Remote Diagnostics: A system that connects to your phone line and automatically calls the dealer if a problem arises. Such a system can speed repair time and help ensure that maintenance schedules are accurately followed.

Raster Image Processor (RIP): Used to attach a color copier to a computer network, a RIP converts color files into printing instructions for the copier. Also known as a color server or a print controller.

Scan Once/Print Many: The ability to produce copies from scanned images held in memory. This feature saves on unnecessary handling of original documents and allows users to leave the copier, originals in hand, while the job is being completed. Not available with all digital copiers.

Segment 1 Copiers: Includes copiers with speeds between 13 to 20 copies per minute and copy volumes of 10,000 to 12,000 copies per month.

Segment 2 Copiers: Includes copiers with speeds between 21 to 30 copies per minute and copy volumes of 25,000 to 30,000 copies per month.

Service Contract: The agreement with a dealer selling you a copier (or even with a third party) that outlines arrangements for repair and routine service for the copier.

Single In-Line Memory Module (SIMM): A type of memory used in some copiers that is based on a standard design. Industry-standard memory is less expensive than proprietary designs.

Sorter: A series of horizontal bins near the output tray of a copier. The bins move up and down the side of the copier to collate pages in the order that they are outputted from the machine. Sorters are also referred to as finishers.

Stackless Duplexing: A type of duplexing (making two-sided copies) that keeps the original document as an image in memory rather than physically in a tray. Instead of keeping a stack of one-sided copies until the copier is ready to copy on to their second sides, stackless duplexing lets you make as many duplex copies as you want, without being limited to the number of sheets a duplexing tray can hold at a time. Also known as trayless duplexing.

Standard Copy Paper: Measures 8 1/2 x 11 inches (letter-sized).

Stapler/Sorter: A sorter that staples collated documents.

Stationary Platen: All but the most basic PC-segment copiers are equipped with a stationary platen, meaning the top of the copier doesn't move back and forth across the document to be copied.

Three-Hole Punching: Some sorters, often referred to as finishers, will three-hole punch collated and stapled copies.

Transparencies: Clear plastic film typically used as slides in presentations. They can be run through a copier.

Transparency Cassette: A special cassette used in a copier that is designed to hold only transparency film.

Transparency Interleaving: Inserts a sheet of paper between transparencies a photocopier copies onto, protecting the film.

Warm-Up Time: The amount of time after a copier is turned on before it can begin the first copying job. This time isn't really an issue for lower-end machines, but usually increases for larger models.

Yield: The number of copies a particular consumable (toner, developer) can support. The yield for toner can be calculated by estimating the number of copies you make a month, and the amount of coverage per page.

Zoom: Reduces or enlarges your copies within a certain range, such as from 50 percent to 200 percent. Digital copiers can zoom as high as 400 percent to 800 percent and shrink as low as 25 percent.